How symbiotic bacteria with minimal genetic information support insect hosts

Many insects live in symbiosis with certain species of bacteria. These bacteria make important contributions to their hosts’ nutrition, digestion, detoxification, reproduction and defense. Due to their close coexistence with insects, symbionts often lose genes for metabolic products that are also provided by their hosts over the course of their coevolution. One such example is the symbionts of reed beetles, which retain a very small genome containing only genes important for beetle development.

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